新手用python写了一个俄罗斯方块目前个人只能做到这样，而且流畅性不佳求大佬指点

suneryzgg123

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import random import pygame   # 定义方块类 class Block:     def __init__(self, shape, color, x, y):         self.shape = shape         self.color = color         self.x = x         self.y = y       def draw(self, surface):         pygame.draw.rect(surface, self.color, (self.x*25+1, self.y*25+1, 24, 24))   # 定义游戏类 class Game:     def __init__(self, width=10, height=20):         self.width = width         self.height = height         self.board = [[0 for x in range(self.width)] for y in range(self.height)]         self.score = 0         self.level = 1         self.falling_block = None         self.next_block = None         self.game_over = False       def new_block(self):         # 随机生成新的方块         shapes = [             [[[1, 1, 1, 1]], (255, 0, 0)],             [[[1, 1], [1, 1]], (0, 255, 0)],             [[[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]], (0, 0, 255)],             [[[0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0]], (255, 255, 0)],             [[[1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 0]], (0, 255, 255)],             [[[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]], (255, 0, 255)],             [[[0, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1]], (128, 0, 128)]         ]         shape, color = random.choice(shapes)         self.falling_block = Block(shape, color, self.width//2-2, 0)         shape, color = random.choice(shapes)         self.next_block = Block(shape, color, 0, 0)       def draw_board(self, surface):         # 绘制游戏区域         for y in range(self.height):             for x in range(self.width):                 pygame.draw.rect(surface, (255, 255, 255), (x*25, y*25, 25, 25), 1)                 if self.board[y][x]:                     pygame.draw.rect(surface, self.board[y][x], (x*25+1, y*25+1, 24, 24))       def draw_falling_block(self, surface):         # 绘制当前下落的方块         if self.falling_block:             for y, row in enumerate(self.falling_block.shape):                 for x, val in enumerate(row):                     if val:                         b = Block(self.falling_block.shape, self.falling_block.color, self.falling_block.x+x, self.falling_block.y+y)                         b.draw(surface)       def draw_next_block(self, surface):         # 绘制下一个方块         if self.next_block:             for y, row in enumerate(self.next_block.shape):                 for x, val in enumerate(row):                     if val:                         b = Block(self.next_block.shape, self.next_block.color, self.width+x, y)                         b.draw(surface)       def move_left(self):         # 向左移动方块         if self.falling_block:             if self.falling_block.x > 0 and not self.collides(self.falling_block, -1):                 self.falling_block.x -= 1       def move_right(self):         # 向右移动方块         if self.falling_block:             if self.falling_block.x < self.width-len(self.falling_block.shape[0]) and not self.collides(self.falling_block, 1):                 self.falling_block.x += 1       def rotate(self):         # 旋转方块         if self.falling_block:             tmp = list(zip(*self.falling_block.shape[::-1]))             if self.falling_block.x + len(tmp[0]) <= self.width and not self.collides(Block(tmp, self.falling_block.color, self.falling_block.x, self.falling_block.y), 0):                 self.falling_block.shape = tmp       def fall(self):         # 下落方块         if self.falling_block:             if self.falling_block.y < self.height-len(self.falling_block.shape) and not self.collides(self.falling_block, 0, 1):                 self.falling_block.y += 1                 return False             else:                 self.merge_falling_block()                 self.new_block()                 return True       def merge_falling_block(self):         # 将当前方块合并到游戏区域         for y, row in enumerate(self.falling_block.shape):             for x, val in enumerate(row):                 if val:                     self.board[self.falling_block.y+y][self.falling_block.x+x] = self.falling_block.color         # 消除填满一行的方块         for y in range(self.height):             if all(self.board[y]):                 self.board.pop(y)                 self.board.insert(0, [0 for x in range(self.width)])                 self.score += 10                 if self.score % 100 == 0:                     self.level += 1       def collides(self, block, dx=0, dy=0):         # 判断方块是否与游戏区域或已有方块重叠         for y, row in enumerate(block.shape):             for x, val in enumerate(row):                 if val:                     try:                         if self.board[block.y+y+dy][block.x+x+dx]:                             return True                     except IndexError:                         return True         return False   # 游戏主循环 def main():     pygame.init()     screen = pygame.display.set_mode((320, 480))     clock = pygame.time.Clock()     game = Game()     game.new_block()     paused = False     font = pygame.font.SysFont('Arial', 20)     while not game.game_over:         clock.tick(game.level * 5)         screen.fill((0, 0, 0))         game.draw_board(screen)         game.draw_falling_block(screen)         game.draw_next_block(screen)           # 显示分数         text = font.render('Score: ' + str(game.score), True, (255, 255, 255))         screen.blit(text, (10, 10))           # 监听键盘事件         for event in pygame.event.get():             if event.type == pygame.QUIT:                 game.game_over = True             elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:                 if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:                     game.move_left()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:                     game.move_right()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:                     game.rotate()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:                     if not paused:                         game.fall()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_p:                     paused = not paused                 elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:                     if paused:                         game = Game()                         game.new_block()                         paused = False         # 游戏暂停时不更新屏幕         if not paused:             if game.fall():                 if game.collides(game.falling_block, 0, 0):                     # 游戏结束                     text = font.render('Game Over', True, (255, 255, 255))                     screen.blit(text, (100, 200))                     paused = True           pygame.display.update()     pygame.quit()   if __name__ == '__main__':     main()

仲舒

可以尝试以下几种优化方法：

1. 减少绘制次数：在每一帧中，你的代码会多次调用`draw()`方法来绘制方块和游戏区域。如果绘制操作过于频繁，会导致性能下降。你可以考虑减少绘制次数，只在方块状态发生变化或需要更新时进行绘制。

2. 使用双缓冲技术：双缓冲技术可以提高绘制效率。你可以创建一个后台缓冲区，在其中进行绘制操作，然后将缓冲区的内容一次性绘制到屏幕上，减少屏幕刷新次数，从而提高性能。

3. 优化碰撞检测：在`collides()`方法中，你通过逐个检查方块位置来判断碰撞。这种方法可能会随着方块数量的增加而变得低效。你可以考虑使用更高效的碰撞检测算法，例如使用边界框或分割区域来加速碰撞检测过程。

4. 使用图像缓存：在每一帧中，方块的形状和颜色都是不变的。你可以将方块的绘制结果缓存为图像，而不是每次都重新绘制。这样可以减少绘制操作的数量，提高性能。

5. 优化事件处理：在事件处理的部分，你使用了`pygame.event.get()`来获取所有的事件。这会一次性获取所有的事件，可能会导致输入响应的延迟。你可以考虑使用`pygame.event.poll()`或者`pygame.event.wait()`来获取单个事件，以提高输入的实时性。

6. 使用适当的图像格式：在绘制和加载图像时，使用适当的图像格式可以提高性能。例如，使用压缩格式（如PNG）而不是无损格式（如BMP）可以减少图像的内存占用和加载时间。

7. 调整游戏速度参数：通过调整游戏速度参数，可以在流畅性和游戏难度之间取得平衡。可以尝试逐渐增加或减少帧率限制，找到最佳的游戏速度。

这些是一些常见的优化方法，但具体的优化策略可能因游戏的复杂性和硬件平台而有所不同。建议你逐步实施这些优化措施，并进行性能测试和调整，以找到最适合你的游戏的优化方案。

仲舒

[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码

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import pygame import random   # 游戏区域的宽度和高度 grid_width = 10 grid_height = 20   # 方块大小和窗口尺寸 block_size = 30 window_width = grid_width * block_size window_height = grid_height * block_size   # 初始化Pygame pygame.init() window = pygame.display.set_mode((window_width, window_height)) pygame.display.set_caption("Tetris Game")   # 颜色定义 BLACK = (0, 0, 0) CYAN = (0, 255, 255) YELLOW = (255, 255, 0) PURPLE = (255, 0, 255) GREEN = (0, 255, 0) RED = (255, 0, 0) BLUE = (0, 0, 255) ORANGE = (255, 165, 0)   # 方块的形状和颜色 tetriminos = [     [[1, 1, 1, 1]],  # I     [[1, 1], [1, 1]],  # O     [[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]],  # Z     [[0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0]],  # S     [[1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 0]],  # T     [[1, 1, 1], [0, 0, 1]],  # L     [[1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0]]  # J ]   # 方块颜色对应关系 tetrimino_colors = [CYAN, YELLOW, PURPLE, GREEN, RED, BLUE, ORANGE]   # 初始化游戏区域 grid = [[0] * grid_width for _ in range(grid_height)]   # 当前方块的形状、颜色和位置 current_tetrimino = random.choice(tetriminos) current_tetrimino_color = random.choice(tetrimino_colors) current_tetrimino_x = grid_width // 2 - len(current_tetrimino[0]) // 2 current_tetrimino_y = 0   # 绘制游戏区域 def draw_grid():     for row in range(grid_height):         for col in range(grid_width):             if grid[row][col] != 0:                 pygame.draw.rect(window, tetrimino_colors[grid[row][col] - 1],                                  (col * block_size, row * block_size, block_size, block_size))             pygame.draw.rect(window, BLACK, (col * block_size, row * block_size, block_size, block_size), 1)   # 绘制方块 def draw_tetrimino(tetrimino, x, y, color):     for row in range(len(tetrimino)):         for col in range(len(tetrimino[row])):             if tetrimino[row][col] == 1:                 pygame.draw.rect(window, color,                                  ((x + col) * block_size, (y + row) * block_size, block_size, block_size))                 pygame.draw.rect(window, BLACK,                                  ((x + col) * block_size, (y + row) * block_size, block_size, block_size), 1)   # 检查方块是否可以放置到游戏区域中 def can_place_tetrimino(tetrimino, x, y):     for row in range(len(tetrimino)):         for col in range(len(tetrimino[row])):             if tetrimino[row][col] == 1:                 if x + col < 0 or x + col >= grid_width or y + row >= grid_height or grid[y + row][x + col] != 0:                     return False     return True   # 将方块放置到游戏区域中 def place_tetrimino(tetrimino, x, y, color):     for row in range(len(tetrimino)):         for col in range(len(tetrimino[row])):             if tetrimino[row][col] == 1:                 grid[y + row][x + col] = color   # 旋转方块形状 def rotate_tetrimino(tetrimino):     return list(zip(*reversed(tetrimino)))   # 消除满行的方块 def clear_lines():     full_rows = []     for row in range(grid_height):         if all(grid[row]):             full_rows.append(row)       for row in full_rows:         del grid[row]         grid.insert(0, [0] * grid_width)   # 判断游戏是否结束 def is_game_over():     return any(grid[0])   # 游戏主循环 clock = pygame.time.Clock() game_over = False   while not game_over:     for event in pygame.event.get():         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:             game_over = True           if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:             if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:                 if can_place_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x - 1, current_tetrimino_y):                     current_tetrimino_x -= 1             elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:                 if can_place_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x + 1, current_tetrimino_y):                     current_tetrimino_x += 1             elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:                 if can_place_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x, current_tetrimino_y + 1):                     current_tetrimino_y += 1             elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:                 rotated_tetrimino = rotate_tetrimino(current_tetrimino)                 if can_place_tetrimino(rotated_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x, current_tetrimino_y):                     current_tetrimino = rotated_tetrimino       # 移动方块下落     if can_place_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x, current_tetrimino_y + 1):         current_tetrimino_y += 1       # 检查是否需要固定方块并生成新的方块     if not can_place_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x, current_tetrimino_y + 1):         place_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x, current_tetrimino_y, tetrimino_colors.index(current_tetrimino_color) + 1)         clear_lines()           current_tetrimino = random.choice(tetriminos)         current_tetrimino_color = random.choice(tetrimino_colors)         current_tetrimino_x = grid_width // 2 - len(current_tetrimino[0]) // 2         current_tetrimino_y = 0           if not can_place_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x, current_tetrimino_y):             game_over = True       # 渲染游戏界面     window.fill(BLACK)     draw_grid()     draw_tetrimino(current_tetrimino, current_tetrimino_x, current_tetrimino_y, current_tetrimino_color)     pygame.display.update()       # 控制游戏帧率     clock.tick(5)   # 游戏结束后退出 pygame.quit()

friendnabs

仲舒 发表于 2023-5-22 16:06
可以尝试以下几种优化方法：

1. 减少绘制次数：在每一帧中，你的代码会多次调用`draw()`方法来绘制方块 ...

这明显就是chatgpt的答案

仲舒

仲舒 发表于 2023-5-22 16:59
[mw_shl_code=python,true]import pygame
import random

找了以前写的一个例子，希望对你有帮助

wasd71

引入pygame库和random库吗

TR小米哥

有一说一，看着很不错
我试着改了下下，这么运行下去的话要好些，你可以看看。

[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码

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import randomimport pygame   # 定义方块类 class Block:     def __init__(self, shape, color, x, y):         self._shape = shape         self._color = color         self.x = x         self.y = y       @property     def shape(self):         return self._shape       @property     def color(self):         return self._color       def draw(self, surface):         rect = (self.x*25+1, self.y*25+1, 24, 24)         pygame.draw.rect(surface, self.color, rect)   # 定义游戏类 class Game:     def __init__(self, width=10, height=20):         self.width = width         self.height = height         self._board = [[0 for x in range(self.width)] for y in range(self.height)]         self.score = 0         self.level = 1         self.falling_block = None         self.next_block = None         self.game_over = False       @property     def board(self):         return self._board       def new_block(self):         # 随机生成新的方块         shapes = [             [[[1, 1, 1, 1]], (255, 0, 0)],             [[[1, 1], [1, 1]], (0, 255, 0)],             [[[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]], (0, 0, 255)],             [[[0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0]], (255, 255, 0)],             [[[1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 0]], (0, 255, 255)],             [[[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]], (255, 0, 255)],             [[[0, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1]], (128, 0, 128)]         ]         shape, color = random.choice(shapes)         self.falling_block = Block(shape, color, self.width//2-2, 0)         shape, color = random.choice(shapes)         self.next_block = Block(shape, color, 0, 0)       def draw_board(self, surface):         # 绘制游戏区域         rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 25, 25)         for y in range(self.height):             for x in range(self.width):                 rect.topleft = (x*25, y*25)                 pygame.draw.rect(surface, (255, 255, 255), rect, 1)                 if self.board[y][x]:                     rect.topleft = (x*25+1, y*25+1)                     pygame.draw.rect(surface, self.board[y][x], rect)       def draw_falling_block(self, surface):         # 绘制当前下落的方块         if self.falling_block:             for y, row in enumerate(self.falling_block.shape):                 for x, val in enumerate(row):                     if val:                         b = Block(self.falling_block.shape, self.falling_block.color, self.falling_block.x+x, self.falling_block.y+y)                         b.draw(surface)       def draw_next_block(self, surface):         # 绘制下一个方块         if self.next_block:             for y, row in enumerate(self.next_block.shape):                 for x, val in enumerate(row):                     if val:                         b = Block(self.next_block.shape, self.next_block.color, self.width+x, y)                         b.draw(surface)       def move_left(self):         # 向左移动方块         if self.falling_block:             if self.falling_block.x > 0 and not self.collides(self.falling_block, -1):                 self.falling_block.x -= 1       def move_right(self):         # 向右移动方块         if self.falling_block:             if self.falling_block.x < self.width-len(self.falling_block.shape[0]) and not self.collides(self.falling_block, 1):                 self.falling_block.x += 1       def rotate(self):         # 旋转方块         if self.falling_block:             tmp = list(zip(*self.falling_block.shape[::-1]))             if self.falling_block.x + len(tmp[0]) <= self.width and not self.collides(Block(tmp, self.falling_block.color, self.falling_block.x, self.falling_block.y), 0):                 self.falling_block.shape = tmp       def fall(self):         # 下落方块         if self.falling_block:             if self.falling_block.y < self.height-len(self.falling_block.shape) and not self.collides(self.falling_block, 0, 1):                 self.falling_block.y += 1                 return False             else:                 self.merge_falling_block()                 self.new_block()                 return True       def merge_falling_block(self):         # 将当前方块合并到游戏区域         for y, row in enumerate(self.falling_block.shape):             for x, val in enumerate(row):                 if val:                     self.board[self.falling_block.y+y][self.falling_block.x+x] = self.falling_block.color         # 消除填满一行的方块         for y in range(self.height):             if all(self.board[y]):                 self.board.pop(y)                 self.board.insert(0, [0 for x in range(self.width)])                 self.score += 10                 if self.score % 100 == 0:                     self.level += 1       @staticmethod     def collides(block, dx=0, dy=0, board=None):         # 判断方块是否与游戏区域或已有方块重叠         board = board or []         for y, row in enumerate(block.shape):             for x, val in enumerate(row):                 if val:                     try:                         if board[block.y+y+dy][block.x+x+dx]:                             return True                     except IndexError:                         return True         return False   # 游戏主循环 def main():     pygame.init()     screen = pygame.display.set_mode((320, 480))     clock = pygame.time.Clock()     game = Game()     game.new_block()     paused = False     font = pygame.font.SysFont('Arial', 20)     while not game.game_over:         clock.tick(game.level * 5)         screen.fill((0, 0, 0))         game.draw_board(screen)         game.draw_falling_block(screen)         game.draw_next_block(screen)           # 显示分数         text = font.render('Score: ' + str(game.score), True, (255, 255, 255))         screen.blit(text, (10, 10))           # 监听键盘事件         for event in pygame.event.get():             if event.type == pygame.QUIT:                 game.game_over = True             elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:                 if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:                     game.move_left()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:                     game.move_right()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:                     game.rotate()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:                     if not paused:                         game.fall()                 elif event.key == pygame.K_p:                     paused = not paused                 elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:                     if paused:                         game = Game()                         game.new_block()                         paused = False         # 游戏暂停时不更新屏幕         if not paused:             if game.fall():                 if game.collides(game.falling_block, 0, 0, game.board):                     # 游戏结束                     text = font.render('Game Over', True, (255, 255, 255))                     screen.blit(text, (100, 200))                     paused = True           pygame.display.update()     pygame.quit()   if __name__ == '__main__':     main()